Technical Articles

The development of technologically and cost effective solutions for the wind energy conversion into electrical energy has been one of the greatest technical challenges in the last decades. The idea of using wind energy for the generation of electricity could rightly be regarded as the logical continuation of its utilization for centuries as the driving power for various types of equipment, among which wind mills undoubtedly have greatest popularity. Despite the relatively short history of wind plants . the first ... more

George Paparrizos, Microchip TechnologyThe increasing complexity of designs over the last decade has produced many new types of digital devices - such as FPGAs, DSPs, FRAMs, and Flash microcontrollers. At the same time, requirements for more memory, intelligence and functionality, and the replacement of older discrete and mechanical components, have significantly increased the digital content of these systems. These developments have also created a demand for a growing range of high-performance analogue components, which must be incorporated into systems in ... more

The stages of its implementation are being presently clarified.The selection of a main contractor and subcontractors is forthcoming.Amelia StoimenovaA green light was given in December 2004 for the implementation of a project for the construction of desulphurization installations at Units 5 and 6 of the largest thermal power plant in Bulgaria, Maritsa East 2, according to information from the Bulgarian Ministry of Energy and Energy Resources (MEER). The objective of the project implementation is the reduction of the generated sulphur ... more

One of the leading companies in the automation field, OMRON can provide complete technical equipment and software for crane construction. This applies particularly for high tonnage cranes with demanding requirements for the electric equipment. In Bulgaria, the teams of the “GEMAMEX” and “KRANOSTROENE ENGINEERING” companies have had successful experience in this area. Three joint projects for high tonnage cranes (over 50 t.) with a frequency control of the motion and hoists and PLC control have been accomplished.A distinguishing characteristic of ... more

George Paparrizos, Microchip TechnologyElectronics designers have made use of temperature sensors for many years, in applications ranging from shutting down the system during an over-temperature condition, to providing thermal calibration in high-accuracy designs and displaying temperature data. In the past decade, the need for higher performance and more-compact systems has driven the wide adoption of silicon-based thermal sensors in many different types of design.The growing use of high-performance digital devices, such as CPUs and ASICs, has resulted in systems that ... more

Tolga Taylan, Export Promotion Center of TurkeyPumps and compressors have the function of transporting liquids and gases in factories, plants and other locations. Pumps and compressors are vital for a modern economy and without which our entire society would be inconceivable.Industrialisation and huge agricultural production have resulted in the emergence of a strong pumps and compressors sector in Turkey. Today the share of the pumps and compressors sector accounts for 7% of the production and 4% of the exports of ... more

Rodger Richey, Applications Manager, Advanced Microcontroller Architecture Division, Microchip Technology Inc.Electronic utility meters offer several advantages, when compared to the traditional mechanical and/or electromechanical solutions in use today. Whether it is Gas, Water, Heat or Energy being measured, some or all of these features may apply:• improved accuracy• ease of calibration• anti-tampering protection• automated meter reading• security• advanced billing (time of use, pre-pay...)Implementing an electronic meter does not have to be a complex endeavor. The examples shown in this article ... more

by Tolga TaylanThe Turkish electrical machinery sector vitalised itself in the 1990’s by diversifying its products and adopting recent technologies in product design and in production processes. Therefore, the share of the electrical machinery industry increased to 1.1% in 2002 and to 3% of the manufacturing industry exports with a value of US $ 1.8 billion in 2004. Turkey produces almost every kind of electrical machinery including: isolated cables and wires, domestic electrical appliances, AC motors, small motors for domestic ... more

Bonnie C. Baker, Microchip Technology Inc.The majority of process control applications require digital results that are accurate to one part in 4096. As the output of a 12-bit A/D converter matches this exactly, why do these applications use converters with a higher number of bits? It is important not to be pre-occupied with the number of digital codes or the full-scale input range of the converter, but instead to look at the system accuracy requirements or analogue voltage least significant ... more

by prof. Petar GburcikMankind is today confronted with a great challenge. The most extensively used energy resources are fossil fuels and nuclear energy and they brought a fast progress during the past two centuries. But their reserves are limited and they are on the way to be exhausted, or at least to become unbearably expensive. On the other hand, the use of these resources leads to the degradation of environment and climate changes, as well as to intensification of dependency ... more

by Hasan KЦSETextile is one of the most important industries in the Turkish economy in terms of Gross Domestic Product (GDP), employment and exports. Textiles account for 10% of the Turkish GDP and 20% of manufacturing employment. There are about 40.000 manufacturing companies in the sector. Textile/clothing exports have the largest share in Turkish exports (28 %) in dollar terms. Turkish textile have reached 17,5 billion dollars in 2004. Turkey, a traditional cotton grower, is now the world’s sixth largest ... more

Machine building for food and beverage industry in Serbia and Montenegro currently consists about 20 companies. As everywhere these are different as size and ambition companies, but as it is typical for the region they for sure rely on highly educated and qualified technical engineers. Excellent quality and technical level and good price are typical for Serbian machines for food and beverage industry, said professionals in the field."This business in Serbia and Montenegro is still in a growing stage. I ... more

The country is a traditional PLC manufacturerThe market of programmable logic controllers (PLC) in Bulgaria offers a wide range of brands and models. Despite of the relatively restricted size of the market of automation equipment, the leading European and worldwide companies, specialized in automation and control equipment, incl. PLCs are well presented. Big number (comparing to the market size) of world-wide manucturers have established their distribution or representative offices or operate through sales agents in Bulgaria: ABB, Siemens, OMRON, Rockwell, ... more